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    <title>DRS Collection: Geology &amp; Geophysical Sciences</title>
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    <title>The Channel Image</title>
    <url>http://drs.nio.org/drs/retrieve/14</url>
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  <item rdf:about="http://drs.nio.org/drs/handle/2264/1152">
    <title>Delineation of high water line and seasonal beach profiling at Kalbadevi Bay, Maharashtra, central west coast of India</title>
    <link>http://drs.nio.org/drs/handle/2264/1152</link>
    <description>Title: Delineation of high water line and seasonal beach profiling at Kalbadevi Bay, Maharashtra, central west coast of India
&lt;br/&gt;
&lt;br/&gt;Authors: Ganesan, P.
&lt;br/&gt;
&lt;br/&gt;Abstract: Seasonal morphological variations and effect of oceanographic processes such as erosion or accretion along beaches are important to understand the nature of the beach and the cyclic changes occurring during different seasons. These studies are more significant in the areas where rich beach placer deposits are occurring. This will help in understanding replenishment of these heavy minerals in the areas of interest. This report describes results of similar studies (seasonal variations of high water line and beach profiling) carried out at Kalbadevi Bay, which is in Maharashtra along central west coast of India. Kalbadevi Bay is one of the most important prospective area for heavy mineral placers rich in Ilmenite and Magnetite. The required data were collected by using highly sophisticated instruments like Laser Trak, DGPS (Differential Global Positioning System) and Automatic level (Carl Zeiss Make) following the standard survey techniques. Beach profiles at three sites in Kalbadevi bay has clearly shown the specific zones of sand erosion and sand accumulation at various periods. Natural morphological beach features such as the erosional scarp, monsoonal berms and permanent vegetation line, reflect the positions of maximum high water levels and the berm crust reflects the positions of frequent ordinary high water levels. This report analyses the field data collected at different seasons at Kalbadevi Bay and presents the results of the field observations with final processed high water line maps and beach profiles. The report also highlights the methods involved and the instruments used in collection of the field data.</description>
  </item>
  <item rdf:about="http://drs.nio.org/drs/handle/2264/1153">
    <title>Isotopic evidences of past upwelling intensity in the Arabian Sea</title>
    <link>http://drs.nio.org/drs/handle/2264/1153</link>
    <description>Title: Isotopic evidences of past upwelling intensity in the Arabian Sea
&lt;br/&gt;
&lt;br/&gt;Authors: Naidu, P.D.
&lt;br/&gt;
&lt;br/&gt;Abstract: Oxygen and carbon isotopic analyses have been performed on the tests of Globigerina bulloides, Globigerinoides sacculifer, Neogloboquadrina dutertrei and Pulleniatina obliquiloculata to study the delta super(18)O and delta super(13)C of shallow and deeper depth living planktic foraminifera species. High and low delta super(18)O sub(obl-bul) and super super(13)C sub(sac-dut) coincides respectively with the low and high flux of G. bulloides (established monsoon upwelling index). The tangible relationships between the flux of G. bulloides and oxygen and carbon isotope differences between the shallow and deeper depth habitat planktic foraminiferal species appear to suggest that delta super(18)O and delta super(13)C of surface and subsurface living foraminifera can be used as isotope indices of upwelling in the Arabian Sea.</description>
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  <item rdf:about="http://drs.nio.org/drs/handle/2264/1154">
    <title>Tidal influence on suspended sediment distribution and dispersal in the northern Andaman Sea and Gulf of Martaban</title>
    <link>http://drs.nio.org/drs/handle/2264/1154</link>
    <description>Title: Tidal influence on suspended sediment distribution and dispersal in the northern Andaman Sea and Gulf of Martaban
&lt;br/&gt;
&lt;br/&gt;Authors: Ramaswamy, V.; Rao, P.S.; Rao, K.H.; Thwin, S.; Rao, N.S.; Raiker, V.
&lt;br/&gt;
&lt;br/&gt;Abstract: Surface and water column profiles of suspended matter collected during April-May 2002, and satellite images were used to study factors influencing suspended sediment concentrations (SSCs) and dispersal in the northern Andaman Sea and Gulf of Martaban, one of the largest highly turbid areas of the world's oceans. Perennial high SSC in the Gulf of Martaban is due to a combination of factors including resuspension of sediments by strong tidal currents, shallow bathymetry and seasonal sediment influx from rivers. From satellite images, it was observed that in the central portion of the Gulf of Martaban, the turbidity front oscillates about 150 km in phase with spring-neap tidal cycles and the area covered by the turbid zone (SSC greater than 15 mg l sub(-1)) increases from less than 15000 km sup(2) during neap tide to more than 45000 km2 during spring tide. The sediment discharged by the Ayeyarwady River is transported mainly eastward, along the coast, into the Gulf of Martaban. Occasionally, during the winter monsoon period, sediment plumes are seen heading westward into the Bay of Bengal. Turbidity profiles show that bottom nepheloid layers are actively transporting some of the sediments into the deep Andaman Sea via the Martaban canyon.</description>
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  <item rdf:about="http://drs.nio.org/drs/handle/2264/1155">
    <title>New insights into the tectonic evolution of the Andaman basin, northeast Indian Ocean</title>
    <link>http://drs.nio.org/drs/handle/2264/1155</link>
    <description>Title: New insights into the tectonic evolution of the Andaman basin, northeast Indian Ocean
&lt;br/&gt;
&lt;br/&gt;Authors: KameshRaju, K.A.; Ramprasad, T.; Rao, P.S.; Rao, B.R.; Varghese, J.
&lt;br/&gt;
&lt;br/&gt;Abstract: Multibeam swath bathymetry data acquired over an area of about 30 000 km 2 ,together with magnetic and single channel seismic data, have been analyzed to understand the tectonic evolution of the Andaman basin,northeast Indian Ocean. Swath bathymetry data revealed several morphotectonic features that divide the basin into a complex western part comprising arc-parallel seamount chains and N-S-trending fault systems and a relatively smooth eastern part. A SW-NE-trending spreading ridge bisects the basin.An offset of about 11.8 km at 94 degrees 21 minutes E longitude divides the spreading ridge into SW and NE segments. High-resolution bathymetry and magnetic data enabled us to identify two finer-scale segments over the SW part of the ridge that display distinct topographic fabric compared to the NE segment. Thin sediment cover and presence of axial seamounts characterize SW segments of the ridge whereas the NE segment has thick sediment cover and well-maintained rift valley. Kinematics of basin evolution, derived from the identification of the seafloor spreading magnetic anomalies, suggest very slow initial opening rates of about 1.6 cm/yr and an increase in the spreading rate to about 3.8 cm/yr from anomaly 2 to present, although this interpretation relies only on magnetic anomalies in the two westernmost segments.It is suggested that the true seafloor spreading started about 4 Ma in the Andaman backarc basin, rather than the 11 Ma postulated previously. Based on the integrated analysis of swath bathymetry, magnetic and seismological data that the basin has evolved as a consequence of extrusive tectonics that prompted extension and rifting along the plane joining the Sagaing and Semengko fault systems are infered. Extension by seafloor spreading during the past 4 Myr resulted in the formation of the deep Andaman backarc basin. This phase has also experienced westward propagation of the spreading center.</description>
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