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    <title>DRS Collection: Materials Sciences</title>
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    <title>The Channel Image</title>
    <url>http://drs.nio.org/drs/retrieve/8</url>
    <link>http://drs.nio.org/drs/handle/2264/8</link>
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  <item rdf:about="http://drs.nio.org/drs/handle/2264/1425">
    <title>Antifouling potential of some marine organisms from India against species of Bacillus and Pseudomonas</title>
    <link>http://drs.nio.org/drs/handle/2264/1425</link>
    <description>Title: Antifouling potential of some marine organisms from India against species of Bacillus and Pseudomonas
&lt;br/&gt;
&lt;br/&gt;Authors: Bhosale, S.H.; Nagle, V.L.; Jagtap, T.G.
&lt;br/&gt;
&lt;br/&gt;Abstract: Crude methanolic extracts of 37 marine organisms (16 species of flora, 21 species of fauna) were screened for antibacterial properties against 5 strains of bacteria isolated from marine environments. Of these, 10 plant and 9 animal extracts exhibited antibacterial activity against at least one bacterial strain. The extracts of 6 species were active against all the strains: i.e., Stoechospermum marginatum (brown algae), Cymodocea rotundata (seagrass), Petrosia sp. and Psammaplysilla purpurea (sponges), Sinularia compressa (soft coral), and Cassiopeia sp. (jellyfish). Among the plants, Padina tetrastromatica (brown algae) extract exhibited significant activity (9-11-mm inhibition zone at 500 mu g per 6-mm disc) against Bacillus pumilus and Pseudomonas vesicularis, while the extracts of Petrosia, Psammaplysilla, and Cassiopeia were strongly active (11-13-mm inhibition zone at 500 mu g per 6-mm disc) against B. circulans and P. putida. It was further confirmed that the attachment of bacterial strains on glass slide was inhibited remarkably with increasing concentrations of bioextracts of Petrosia sp. and Psammaplysilla purpurea. The present findings could form the basis for exploring the antibacterial potential of bioactive molecules from some of the marine organisms that exhibited moderate to strong antibacterial properties.</description>
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  <item rdf:about="http://drs.nio.org/drs/handle/2264/1408">
    <title>Impact of predation by Ostracion immaculatus (Pisces: Ostraciidae) on the macrofouling community structure in Kanayama Bay, Kii Peninsula (Japan)</title>
    <link>http://drs.nio.org/drs/handle/2264/1408</link>
    <description>Title: Impact of predation by Ostracion immaculatus (Pisces: Ostraciidae) on the macrofouling community structure in Kanayama Bay, Kii Peninsula (Japan)
&lt;br/&gt;
&lt;br/&gt;Authors: Raveendran, T.V.; Harada, E.
&lt;br/&gt;
&lt;br/&gt;Abstract: An investigation on the impact of predation by Ostracion immaculatus on fouling community structure in Kanayama Bay, Kii Peninsula, Japan was undertaken from April 1994 to February 1995. Caging experiments with three size groups of O. immaculatus using predator inclusion as well as exclusion treatment confirmed that predation by this fish had significant impact on the structure of fouling community. The importance of predation was manifested mainly through the influence of fish on ascidians, with fish exclusion resulting in their monopolization of the substratum within six months of exposure of the panels. The competitive exclusion by bryozoans and barnacles was observed in the absence of predators. Solitary and competitively inferior colonial forms survived better in the presence of predators. Predation by O. immaculatus was compared with the natural predation by exposing test panels outside the cage.</description>
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  <item rdf:about="http://drs.nio.org/drs/handle/2264/1321">
    <title>Role of beta 1-4 linked polymers in the biofilm structure of marine Pseudomonas sp. CE-2 on 304 stainless steel coupons</title>
    <link>http://drs.nio.org/drs/handle/2264/1321</link>
    <description>Title: Role of beta 1-4 linked polymers in the biofilm structure of marine Pseudomonas sp. CE-2 on 304 stainless steel coupons
&lt;br/&gt;
&lt;br/&gt;Authors: Jain, A.; Bhosle, N.B.
&lt;br/&gt;
&lt;br/&gt;Abstract: Pseudomonas sp CE-2 cells attach and form biofilms on 304-stainless steel (SS) coupons. A series of experiments were carried out in order to understand the role of exopolysaccharides (EPS) in the formation and maintenance of CE-2 biofilms on SS coupons. The biofilm density and EPS concentration increased over the period of incubation and the highest values for both were recorded after 72 h. Calcofluor and the lectin concanavalin A (Con A) showed a positive interaction with 72-h old biofilms, indicating the presence of beta 1-4 linked polymers, and alpha-D-glucose and alpha-D-mannose in the biofilm matrix of CE-2. When the CE-2 cells were grown in the presence of calcofluor (200 mu g ml sup(-1)), biofilm formation was significantly reduced (approx. 85%). Conversely, the lectins Con A or WGA did not influence the CE-2 biofilms on the SS coupons. Furthermore, treatment with cellulase, an enzyme specific for the degradation of beta 1-4 linked polymers, removed substantial amounts of CE-2 biofilm from SS coupons. These results strongly suggest the involvement of beta 1-4 linked polymers in the formation and maintenance of Pseudomonas sp. CE-2 biofilms on SS coupons.</description>
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  <item rdf:about="http://drs.nio.org/drs/handle/2264/1282">
    <title>Biofilm development on metal surfaces in tropical marine waters</title>
    <link>http://drs.nio.org/drs/handle/2264/1282</link>
    <description>Title: Biofilm development on metal surfaces in tropical marine waters
&lt;br/&gt;
&lt;br/&gt;Authors: DeSouza, F.P.; Bhosle, N.B.
&lt;br/&gt;
&lt;br/&gt;Abstract: The immersion of solid surfaces in aquatic environment results in the rapid adsorption of dissolved organic matter, thereby conditioning the surfaces. A number of compounds including glycoproteins humic material and / or unspecified macromolecules have been implicated as conditioning agents. Early colonizing copiotrophic bacteria were predominantly small gram-negative rods of which 50 to 90% were Pseudomonas species and 10 to 49% were pigmented Flavobacterium species or non-pigmented non-motile Achromobacter species. Further it has been observed that oligotrophic bacteria Caulobacter, Hypomicrobium and Saprospira also adhere to surfaces immersed in marine water for 24th or more. There are many studies on the biofilm of surfaces immersed in aquatic environments. However, little is known about biofilm bacteria developed on metal surfaces, especially immersed in tropical marine waters. Similarly, not much is known about the nature of organic matter deposited on the surfaces over the period of immersion. Therefore, the aims of the present study was to measure the changes in the biofilm carbon, nitrogen, and C/N ratio and to study the development of biofilm microorganisms including bacteria and microalgae on metal surfaces immersed in the surface waters of the Dona Paula Bay, Goa, India over a period of 28 d.</description>
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